What is fentanyl?
OPIOID
Fentanyl is a part of the class of drugs called opioids, which are used to reduce pain. Also included in this category are morphine, heroin, and oxycodone. Fentanyl is one the most potent and is approved by the Food and Drug Administration for use as an analgesic (pain relief) and anesthetic. It is approximately 100 times more potent than morphine and 50 times more potent than heroin as an analgesic.
Fentanyl
Fentanyl is a synthetic opioid that is up to 50 times stronger than heroin and 100 times stronger than morphine. It is a major contributor to fatal and nonfatal overdoses in the U.S. Illicitly manufactured fentanyl (IMF) is available on the drug market in different forms, including liquid and powder. Fentanyl and other synthetic opioids are the most common drugs involved in overdose deaths. Even in small doses, it can be deadly. Over 150 people die every day from overdoses related to synthetic opioids like fentanyl.
OVERDOSE DISPARITIES IN OREGON
THE IMPACT
Unintentional drug overdose deaths are increasing across Oregon, mostly due to fentanyl.
The overdose crisis is affecting some communities more than others.
Black/African American communities and American Indian/Alaska Native communities are
experiencing the highest rates of fatal overdoses. These disparities are closely tied to
systemic racism, generational trauma, and long-standing health inequities.
Other populations at higher risk of overdose include males; people aged 35-44;
LGBTQIA2S+ people; people with substance use, alcohol, or mental health disorders;
people recently released from jail or prison; and people experiencing houselessness.
There is an urgent need to engage the communities most impacted by the overdose crisis ;to implement community-driven solutions to reduce overdoses and save lives.
OVERDOSE AWARENESS
RESPONDING TO AN OVERDOSE
Understanding the Urgency
Time is critical during an opioid overdose. If someone stops breathing, they can die within minutes. It’s essential to act quickly. If you suspect someone is experiencing an overdose:
- Administer Naloxone (Narcan) if you have it.
- Call 911 immediately.
- Do not leave the person alone. Stay with them until help arrives.
What is Naloxone?
Naloxone, commonly known as Narcan, is an opioid antagonist medication used to rapidly reverse opioid overdoses. It can quickly restore breathing in someone who has overdosed on opioids but has no effect on individuals who have not taken opioids.
How to Obtain Naloxone
- Local Pharmacy/Health Department: Check if they offer Naloxone.
- We Provide Free Narcan: Contact us to get Narcan at no cost.
Signs of Opioid Overdose
Look for these critical signs:
- Small, constricted “pinpoint pupils”
- Falling asleep or losing consciousness
- Slow, weak, or no breathing
- Choking or gurgling sounds
- Limp body
- Cold and/or clammy skin
- Discolored skin (especially on lips and nails)
What to Do If You Think Someone is Overdosing
It can be challenging to differentiate between someone who is high and someone who is overdosing. If you’re unsure, always err on the side of caution—your response could save a life.
- Call 911 immediately.
- Administer Naloxone, if available.
- Try to keep the person awake and breathing.
- Lay the person on their side to prevent choking.
- Stay with the person until emergency assistance arrives.